ottoman history  travel photography  osmanlı tarihi  çatalca  topuklu çeşme  heeled fountain  grand vizier ferhat pasha  sadrazam ferhat paşa  

Time in Çatalca and a view of a historic kiosk on the way Topuklu Avenue in summertime (Turkish: Çatalca'da Zaman ve Yaşam ve Topuklu Caddesi yolu üzerindeki tarihi bir köşkün yaz mevsiminde görüntüsü). Documents show that Çatalca, which has been a residential area since many ages, once hosted 7 tekkes (dervish lodges), 270 shops, numerous of fountains and hamams. Some Byzantine castles, canals, churches' bases have survived until the present day. Among these, the Topuklu Çeşme fountain has preserved its presence throughout the Ottoman Period and today it is a fountain through which one o Çatalca's many sources of drinking water flows.

A school and a hamam that were built together with a mosque by Mimar Sinan upon the request of Grand Vizier Ferhat Pasha during the second half of the 16th century by, are still intact. Prior to the 1923 exchange, Çatalca was a residential area where Orthodox Greeks and Muslim Turks used to live together. There are numerious of civilian buildings and architectural structures which should be preserved, within the Kaleiçi Quarter, where the European Capital of Culture Population Exhchange Museum is situated.